Which atmosphere-related phenomenon can lead to an increase in visibility during certain weather conditions?

An increase in visibility during certain weather conditions is often due to the scattering of light. Under specific atmospheric conditions, such as humidity or the presence of certain particles, light can scatter in a way that enhances visibility. For example, when sunlight interacts with water droplets in fog or haze, the scattering can actually make the environment brighter and clearer from certain angles, improving visibility compared to conditions where there is no scattering.

In contrast, while reflection off surfaces can momentarily affect how we perceive visibility, it does not fundamentally enhance it as scattering does. Absorption by particles typically leads to a decrease in visibility, since particles absorb light rather than letting it pass through or scattering it effectively to illuminate the surroundings. Dissipation into space also does not increase visibility; it refers to light or energy leaving the atmosphere, which can result in a darker and less visible environment. Thus, scattering plays a crucial role in enhancing visibility under certain conditions, making it the correct choice.